Publication Date
10-2019
Series
Upjohn Institute working paper ; 20-320
DOI
10.17848/wp20-320
Abstract
A large body of literature estimates the relative wage impacts of immigration on low- and high-skill natives, but it is unclear how these effects map onto changes of the wage distribution. I document the movement of foreign-born workers in the U.S. wage distribution, showing that, since 1980, they have become increasingly overrepresented in the bottom. Downgrading of education and experience obtained abroad partially drives this pattern. I then undertake two empirical approaches to deepen our understanding of the way foreign-born workers shape the wage structure. First, I estimate a standard theoretical model featuring constant elasticity of substitution technology and skill types stratified across wage deciles. Second, I estimate reduced-form quantile treatment effects by constructing a ceteris paribus counterfactual wage distribution with lower immigration levels. Both analyses uncover a similar monotone pattern: a one percentage point increase in the share of foreign-born leads to a 0.2–0.3 (0.2–0.4) percent wage decrease (increase) in the bottom (top) decile and asserts no significant pressure in the middle. When analyzing the drivers of this pattern, I find suggestive evidence for a novel mechanism through which local labor markets absorb foreign-born workers: occupational differentiation of immigrants relative to natives.
Issue Date
October 2019
Subject Areas
LABOR MARKET ISSUES; Wages, health insurance and other benefits; Inequality
Get in touch with the expert
Want to arrange to discuss this work with the author(s)? Contact our communications staff.
Included in
Citation
Yasenov, Vasil I. 2019. "Immigrants and the U.S. Wage Distribution." Upjohn Institute Working Paper 20-320. Kalamazoo, MI: W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. https://doi.org/10.17848/wp20-320