Upjohn Open Access Books

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Unemployment Insurance Trust Fund Adequacy in the 1990's

Wayne Vroman
1990

Vroman introduces a model-based approach to the study of UI financing. He creates simulations for several large states in order to examine a series of funding issues, and analyzes the performance of those state's systems. In addition, he presents the regional aspects of UI funding. Vroman concludes with a brief presentation of UI solvency prospects and a description of a possible federal role in enhancing UI fund solvency.
Unemployment, Vacancies and Local Labor Markets

Harry J. Holzer
1989

Unemployment rates in the U.S. vary considerably over time and across local areas. Economists have long been concerned with explaining these variations and have attempted to distinguish various components of unemployment to explain these variations in rates. Holzer uses firm-level data on job vacancies, sales growth, and wages within and across a group of 28 local labor markets to examine these issues.
Organized Labor at the Crossroads

Wei-Chiao Huang Editor
1989

This group of essays offers a detailed look at the problems, choices and future of industrial relations.
Strikers and Subsidies: The Influence of Government Transfer Programs on Strike Activity

Robert M. Hutchens, David B. Lipsky, and Robert N. Stern
1989

The authors assess laws governing striker eligibility for government transfers, finding evidence linking UI payments to strike activity.
The Wage Carrot and the Pension Stick: Retirement Benefits and Labor Force Participation

Laurence J. Kotlikoff and David A. Wise
1989

Kotlikoff and Wise document the continued backloading of pension benefits and the extent of retirement incentives by examining pension accrual in over 1,500 companies with defined benefit plans. They also perform a detailed analysis on the retirement plan of a "Fortune 500" company.
Assisting Displaced Workers: Do the States Have a Better Idea?

Duane E. Leigh
1989

This work provides a comprehensive assessment of state initiatives designed to deal with worker displacement. Leigh considers quantitative and qualitative studies of state programs, evaluations of state- and federally-funded demonstration projects and pilot programs, and studies of the design and operation of foreign government programs.
From One Job to the Next: Worker Adjustment in a Changing Labor Market

Adam Seitchik and Jeffrey Zornitsky
1989

The authors discuss how the structure of job opportunities has changed over the last two decades; specifically the transfer of jobs from manufacturing to service industries. They then link these changes to issues of worker displacement policy and worker mobility.
The State of Economic Science: Views of Six Nobel Laureates

Werner Sichel Editor
1989

Six distinguished Nobel Laureates offer their views on the current state of economic science in a thought-provoking yet straightforward set of essays.
World Food and Agriculture: Economic Problems and Issues

Sisay Asefa Editor
1988

Six esteemed agricultural economists confront a variety of issues ranging from the role of technical change in agricultural development to the persistent problem of hunger in Africa.
International Differences in the Labor Market Performance of Immigrants

George J. Borjas
1988

The author provides substantive insights into the self-selection process that determines the composition of the pool of migrants. He also illustrates the importance of immigration policy in determining both the national origin and skill composition of migrant flow reaching a country of destination.
Illegal Aliens: Their Employment and Employers

Barry R. Chiswick
1988

This study develops and tests hypotheses about the characteristics of the employment of illegal aliens, including wages, investments in job training, job mobility, and workplace and employer characteristics.
Advance Notice Provisions in Plant Closing Legislation

Ronald G. Ehrenberg and George Jakubson
1988

After summarizing the theoretical arguments for and against plant closing legislation, the authors present results of empirical analyses, based on the Bureau of Labor Statistics Survey of Displaced Workers and other data sources, that show that having advance notice appears to reduce the probability that a displaced worker will suffer any spell of unemployment.
The Economics of Tax Reform

Bassam Harik, Editor
1988

The contributors discuss the issuess of taxation and tax reform from diverse perspectives and show that tax reform is an ongoing process that doesn't end with the signing of a specific piece of legislation.
Job-Saving Strategies: Worker Buyouts and QWL

Arthur Hochner, Cherlyn S. Granrose, Judith Goode, Eileen Appelbaum, and Elaine Simon
1988

This book probes the effectiveness of two job-saving strategies, worker buyouts and QWL (quality of worklife) programs, used to try to reverse the shutdown of a chain of supermarkets in Philadelphia.
Plant Closings and Worker Displacement: The Regional Issues

Marie Howland
1988

Howland examines the relationship between regional employment shifts and plant closures and describes the implications of that relationship for displaced worker study. Her findings support an argument against industrial policy as a means of slowing the pace of worker dislocation as well as against concession in wages, utility bills, and taxes as strategies for retaining local jobs. Howland also presents several policy options for both national policy makers and local economic development officials, and argues for increased federal support for local takeovers of closing branch plants and subsidiaries and for financial and adjustment assistance for displaced workers.
A Second Chance: Training for Jobs

Sar A. Levitan and Frank Gallo
1988

Levitan and Gallo make use of their considerable experience and prior research to provide a critical assessment of the Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA). The authors evaluate state governments' role in guiding and monitoring the program, and suggest that the success rates are actually lower than the reported official figures. Anyone interested in the JTPA or other job training program will benefit from the assessments provided by the authors in this book.
The Conflict Between Equilibrium and Disequilibrium Theories: The Case of the U.S. Labor Market

Richard E. Quandt and Harvey S. Rosen
1988

A fundamental controversy in labor economics is whether unemployment is better viewed as an equilibrium or disequilibrium phenomenon. The authors contend that answers to policy problems related to unemployment will depend on which of the two characterizations of the labor market is accepted. They note the effects of inflation, taxes, and unionization on unemployment and describe those factors' effects on the equilibrium/disequilibrium question by presenting both equilibrium and disequilibrium models of the U.S. labor market.
The Tragedy of Black Lung: Federal Compensation for Occupational Disease

Peter S. Barth
1987

This study details the development of the federal government's Black Lung program and evaluates its policy components.
Permanent Disability Benefits in Workers' Compensation

Monroe Berkowitz and John F. Burton
1987

Berkowitz and Burton provide a detailed examination of the adequacy and equity of permanent partial disability benefits, and the efficiency of the system delivering those benefits. A ten-state study is presented that examines states' criteria for awarding scheduled and nonscheduled benefits. Three of those states are then used for a wage-loss study illustrating the relationship among workers' disability ratings, the workers' WC benefits, and losses of earnings caused by work-related injuries.
An Incentives Approach to Improving the Unemployment Compensation System

Paul L. Burgess and Jerry L. Kingston
1987

Overpayments may account for up to 15 percent of all payments made under the unemployment compensation system. Burgess and Kingston propose that this overpayment serves as a clue to the more serious problems residing in the system. The authors focus on the lack of incentives (or the existence of disincentives) for improvement within the UC program structure for all participants - claimants, employers, and state UC agencies. Other issues they explore include the excessive complexity of the system and the difficulty of effectively monitoring claimant compliance with eligibility criteria.
Worker Dislocation: Case Studies of Causes and Cures

Robert F. Cook, Editor
1987

This book describes various projects to assist dislocated workers under Title III of the JTPA, and offers lessons on what has and hasn't worked.
Saving Plants and Jobs: Union-Management Negotiations in the Context of Threatened Plant Closing

Paul F. Gerhart
1987

Gerhart uses a case study approach to examine why plants become economically inviable as well as how to prevent this from happening prematurely.
Tax Base Sharing: Simulations for Kalamazoo County

Timothy L. Hunt
1987

Uses historical data to simulate the effects of tax base sharing.
The W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research 1945-1985: Seeking Paths to Fuller Employment

Saul J. Blaustein
1986
Current Issues in Workers' Compensation

James Robert Chelius Editor
1986

This book reports on and offers analysis of a wide ranges of issues related to workers' compensation including administration, state reforms, costs, and reforms.